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and al-Wathiq, and four years of al-Mutawakkil who reversed it in 851.

The abolition of Mihna is significant both as the end of the Abbasid Caliph's pretension to decide matters of religious orthodoxy, and as one of the few instances of religious persecution among fellow Muslims in Medieval Islam.

Under al-Ma'mun

In 827, the caliph al-Ma'mun issued the proclamation of the doctrine of Quranic createdness.

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