Chinese, and mostly use one of those languages for communication.

Nomenclature

In China, the language is referred to as Hèzhéyu (Chinese: ???). The Nanai people there variously refer to themselves as /na nio/, , /na nai/ (which all mean "local people"), , and , the last being the source of the Chinese ethnonym Hezhe.

Geographic distribution

The language is distributed across several distantly-located areas:
* Middle/lower

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