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<p>name, and received its first charter in 1173. The town's early industries included <a href="page.php?w=Hatmaking">millinery</a>, silk weaving, and coal mining, but despite its proximity to the <a href="page.php?w=Staffordshire_Potteries">Potteries</a> it did not develop a ceramics trade.</p>

<p><big>Toponymy</big></p>
<p>The name "Newcastle" is derived from a mid-12th century <a href="page.php?w=motte_and_bailey">motte and bailey</a> that was built after <a href="page.php?w=Stephen%2C_King_of_England">King Stephen</a> granted lands in the area to <a href="page.php?w=Ranulf_de_Gernon%2C_4th_Earl_of_Chester">Ranulf de Gernon</a>,</p><p>
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