individual capture), enhanced foraging success, and higher success in finding a mate.

Fish benefit from schooling through increased hydrodynamic efficiency, meaning they move faster and expend less energy.

Fish use many traits to choose shoalmates. Generally they prefer larger shoals, shoalmates of their own species, shoalmates similar in size and appearance to themselves, healthy fish, and kin (when recognized). The oddity effect posits that any shoal member

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