that environment, such as soil type, climate, and disturbance regime. Josias Braun-Blanquet developed a phytosociological system in which associations served as the basic unit of vegetation classification and began naming vegetation by its dominant characteristics, often using standardized Latinized nomenclature. These units can be grouped into higher-order categories, such as alliances, orders, and classes, forming a comprehensive system for describing vegetation patterns.

Over time, the concept of association has been debated in the