Hundreds of coping strategies have been proposed to explain how people manage stress. However, no universal classification system has been agreed upon. Researchers have grouped coping responses through rational, empirical (factor-analytic), or hybrid approaches.

Early work by Folkman and Lazarus categorized coping into four main types:

# Problem-focused coping
# Emotion-focused coping
# Support-seeking coping
# Meaning-making coping

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