and limb actions. Modern work shows overlapping, action-type representations rather than a strictly point-to-point "homunculus", and highlights direct cortico-motoneuronal projections that underwrite fine finger control. Clinically, motor-cortical organization shapes deficits after stroke and neurodegenerative disease and guides mapping for neurosurgery and neurotechnology.

Subdivisions

Motor cortex is commonly divided into three closely interacting fields:

* the primary motor cortex

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