of a soft sign after the consonant letter located behind them (for example, ???? (bread) instead of ??n?, ???? (word) instead of ???, ???? (wool) instead of ???, etc.). To denote the sound /n/, the ?? digraph was used.

These shortcomings forced the Karakalpak Institute of Economics and Culture to develop a new alphabet and spelling rules for the Karakalpak language. In September 1954, a scientific and theoretical conference was held in Nukus, at which scientists from Karakalpakstan, Moscow, Tashkent and