in any of the 3 periodic coordinate directions. This can happen for example when the free space wavelength exactly equals the lattice spacing. This is a statistically rare occurrence in computational practice and corresponds to a propagation anomaly similar to a Wood's reflection anomaly for gratings.

Computing bands

To compute bands of the crystal (i.e. k-k₀ diagrams), successive values of frequency (k) are tried - in conjunction with pre-selected values of propagation

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