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traumatic responses.

Management and prevention

Acute

At first, shell-shock casualties were rapidly evacuated from the front linein part because of fear over their frequently dangerous and unpredictable behavior. As the size of the British Expeditionary Force increased, and manpower became in shorter supply, the number of shell-shock cases became a growing problem for the military authorities. At the Battle of the Somme in 1916, as many as 40% of casualties were shell-shocked,

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