These include diagnosis of kidney disorders, kidney cancer, and blood diseases.

Although the term "structured illumination microscopy" was coined by others in later years, John M. Guerra (1995) first published results in which light patterned by a 50 nm pitch grating illuminated a second grating of pitch 50 nm, with the gratings rotated with respect to each other by the angular amount needed to achieve magnification. Although the illuminating wavelength was 650 nm, the 50 nm grating was easily resolved. This showed