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in terms of the more fundamental quantities involved.

Because of the exponential function, the current increases rapidly with temperature when kT is less than W. (For essentially every material, melting occurs well before 1=''kT'' = ''W''.)

The thermionic emission law has been recently revised for 2D materials in various models.

Schottky emission

In electron emission devices, especially electron guns, the thermionic electron emitter will be biased negative relative to its

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