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<p>to the interior surface of the pores.<br/>
::::<b>Pore blocking</b> occurs when the particles of the feed-water become stuck in the pores of the membrane.<br/>
::::<b>Gel/cake layer formation</b> takes places when the solid matter in the feed is larger than the pore sizes of the membrane.</p>

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*Formation of chemical precipitates known as <b><i>scaling</i></b><br/>
*Colonization of the membrane or <b><a href="page.php?w=biofouling">biofouling</a></b> takes place when microorganisms grow on the membrane surface.</p>

<p><big>Fouling control and mitigation</big></p><p>
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