than endogenous orienting;
* observers can ignore endogenous cues but not exogenous cues;
* exogenous cues typically have larger, more immediate effects; and
* expectations about cue validity influence endogenous orienting more strongly than exogenous orienting.

Both overlapping and distinct brain networks underlie these forms of orienting. A related distinction is between bottom-up (stimulus-driven) and top-down (goal-directed) attention. Bottom-up attention (often equated with exogenous attention) is driven by stimulus