towns and villages favored a Chiapas independent of Mexico, and some favored unification with Guatemala.

Elites in highland cities pushed for incorporation into Mexico. In 1822, then-emperor Agustín de Iturbide decreed that Chiapas was part of Mexico. In 1823, the Junta General de Gobierno was held, and Chiapas declared independence again. In July 1824, the Soconusco District of southwestern Chiapas split off from Chiapas, announcing that it would join the Central American Federation.