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Critics argue internalist theses can undergenerate reasons: e.g., we seem to have prudential reasons now (to study for a trip we'll later regret being unprepared for) even if we presently lack supporting desires; internalists reply with overdetermination strategies or by challenging the data. Conversely, simple desire-based views appear to overgenerate (mud-drinking, blade-counting); internalists often treat desire as a necessary but not sufficient condition, or else appeal to background standards filtering

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