and sought to correct with the concept of "signifiers". Some educational researchers and philosophers criticize this tendency, arguing that it undermines the philosophical nature of affordance, turning the concept of human-environment relations into a technical label in education.

To overcome this collapse into triviality, some approaches have reaffirmed the relational and multidimensional nature of affordance. Van Lier (2004) develops the concept of "semiotic budget," emphasizing that learners can only make use of affordances when they