The successful production of the F₂ litter, nonetheless, confirmed that hybrids of coyotes and northwestern wolves are just as fertile as hybrids of coyotes to eastern and red wolves. Both the F₁ and F₂ hybrids were found to be phenotypically intermediate between the western gray wolves and coyotes. Unlike the F₁ hybrids, which were produced via artificial insemination, the F₂ litter was produced from a natural breeding.

The study also discovered through sequencing 16S ribosomal RNA