was later renamed Balkanabat.

The province covers 139,270 square kilometers and counts 529,895 residents (2022 estimate). A large minority of these are nomadic herding families. Its population density of 3.8 persons per square kilometer is the lowest in Turkmenistan.

Other cities include: Bereket, Türkmenbasy, Gumdag, Gyzylarbat, Hazar,

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