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Iraq. The Hawazins were allied with the Thaqif branch of Hawazin, which had settled in Ta'if, a fortified city south-east of Mecca whose trade routes ran through reached Iraq and Billad al-Sham. The alliance had engaged in several wars (such as Fijar) due to the rivalry between the cities of Ta'if and Mecca. Given this history they saw Muhammad as another powerful Quraishi

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