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<p>In 2006 economists Charles C. Moul and John V. C. Nye  used Chessmetrics to determine the "expected" results of games, and wrote:<blockquote>Ratings in chess that make use of rigorous statistics to produce good estimates of relative player strength are now relatively common, but comparing ratings across different time periods is often complicated by idiosyncratic changes (cf. Elo, 1968 for the pioneering discussion). Sonas uses the same rating formula throughout our sample and updates this rating monthly instead of annually, as is more common. Moreover, retrospective grading allows him to establish rankings that are unbiased estimates of the "true" relative strengths of players.</blockquote></p><p>
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