cellau, the plural of cell 'a cell', giving the meaning 'water-meadow of cells'. The dôl in the name was probably located within a bend at the confluence of the rivers Wnion and Aran. The cellau may refer to monastic cells or merchant's stalls.

The earliest recorded spelling (from 1254) is Dolkelew, and a spelling Dolgethleu dates from 1294-5 (the thl is an attempt to represent Welsh ). Owain Glyndwr's scribe wrote Dolguelli.

The town's name was commonly anglicised

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