in his book Kitab al-Surat al-Ard.

Life and background

It is believed that al-Istakhri is from the town of Istakahr, an ancient city in the southwestern province of Fars. There is no consensus regarding his origin. The Encyclopedia Iranica states, "Biographical data are very meager. From his nesbas (attributive names) he appears to have been a native of Estakr in Fars, but it is not known whether he was Persian".

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