sworn by the 24 magnates appointed to rectify abuses in the rule of King Henry III, together with summaries of their rulings. The second is the Casus Placitorum , a collection of legal maxims, rules, and brief narratives of cases.

In these works the language is already sophisticated and technical, well equipped with its own legal terminology. This includes many words that are of Latin origin, but whose forms have been shortened or distorted in a way that suggests a long history of French