Reaction mechanism

The mechanism of the Mannich reaction starts with the formation of an iminium ion from the amine and aldehyde.The compound with the carbonyl functional group (in this case a ketone) will tautomerize to the enol form, after which it attacks the iminium ion.

Asymmetric Mannich reactions

If the enolizable ketone or aldehyde has a substituent at the ?-position, proline and similar-amino acid

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