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<p>is not operating correctly. In fact, there are many overheads accounted for in throughput in addition to transmission overheads, including <a href="page.php?w=Network_latency">latency</a>, <a href="page.php?w=Receive_Window">TCP Receive Window size</a> and system limitations, which means the calculated goodput does not reflect the maximum achievable throughput.</p>

<p><big> Theory: Short summary </big></p>
<p>The Maximum bandwidth can be calculated as follows:<br/>
: where RWIN is the TCP Receive Window and RTT is the <a href="page.php?w=Round-trip_delay_time">round-trip time</a></p><p>
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