mean of the squares of the values, or the square of the function that defines the continuous waveform.

In the case of a set of n values , the RMS is
:

The corresponding formula for a continuous function (or waveform) f(t) defined over the interval is
:

and the RMS for a function over all time is
:

The RMS over all time of a periodic function is equal to the RMS of one period of the function. The RMS value of a continuous function or signal can be approximated

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