40 million years ago, simians colonized South America, giving rise to the New World monkeys. The remaining simians (catarrhines) split about 25 million years ago into Cercopithecidae and Hominoidea.

Taxonomy

In earlier classification, New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, apes, and humans - collectively known as simians or anthropoids - were grouped under Anthropoidea (; ), while the strepsirrhines and tarsiers were grouped under

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