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To each finite-dimensional complex semisimple Lie algebra , there exists a corresponding diagram (called the Dynkin diagram) where the nodes denote the simple roots, the nodes are jointed (or not jointed) by a number of lines depending on the angles between the simple roots and the arrows are put to indicate whether the roots are longer or shorter. The Dynkin diagram of is connected if and only if is simple. All possible connected Dynkin diagrams are the

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