and was fined £,1000, under the terms of the English Commonwealth's Act of Pardon and Grace to the People of Scotland.

On April 29, 1656, he married Anne Hamilton, Duchess of Hamilton. She was from a staunchly Royalist dynasty. Her estates had been declared forfeit by Oliver Cromwell after the activities of her father and uncle in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. Her father, James, 1st Duke of Hamilton,