portal hypertension, the SAAG is >1.1 g/dL while ascites from other causes shows a SAAG of less than 1.1 g/dL.

Peritoneal fluid microscopy is a useful test in evaluating the cause of ascites. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) is considered positive if any of the following are present
# >15 mL gross blood
# RBCs >100,000/mL
# WBCs >500/mL
# Bacteria present on Gram stain

Bacteria and white blood cells, when present

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