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<p>on top of the press bed and is a large block of <a href="page.php?w=metal">metal</a> upon which the bottom portion of a die is clamped; the bolster plate is stationary. Large presses (like the ones used in the <a href="page.php?w=automotive_industry">automotive industry</a>) may be equipped with die cushions integrated in the bolster plate to apply blank holder or counter draw forces. This is necessary when a single acting press is used for deep drawing. The ram / slide is the moving or reciprocating member that the upper die is mounted to. Ram</p><p>
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