(HPM)
* Business Process Execution Language (BPEL), an XML-based language developed in 2002 by OASIS for the description and automation of business processes
* Turtle diagram (also turtle method, turtle model, 8W method), a simple, clear and easy-to-understand graphical representation of facts about the process

Furthermore:
* Communication structure analysis, proposed in 1989 by Prof. Hermann Krallmann