= 1.15 - 0.25 (0.48) 0.12 = 1.136 cm (rounded), with P_0.25 = 13.194 cm (rounded).

There is hardly any effect from inbreeding in this example, which arises because there was virtually no dominance in this attribute (d -> 0). Examination of all three versions of G_f reveals that this would lead to trivial change in the Population mean. Where dominance was notable, however, there would be considerable change.

Genetic drift

Genetic drift was introduced when discussing the

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