that increase the effectiveness are establishing operations (EO), whereas variables that decrease the effectiveness of a reinforcer are abolishing operations (AO). Conditioned motivating operations (CMOs) are a type of motivating operation that is dependent on the individual's learning history and include transitive (CMO-T), surrogate (CMO-S), and reflexive (CMO-R) conditioned motivating operations.

Respondent (classical) conditioning

Respondent (classical) conditioning is based on involuntary reflexes. In respondent conditioning,

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