class.

A study by EIU Canback indicates 90% of Africans fall below an income of $10 a day. The proportion of Africans in the $10-20 middle class (excluding South Africa) rose from 4.4% to only 6.2% between 2004 and 2014. Over the same period, the proportion of "upper middle class" income ($20-50 a day) went from 1.4% to 2.3%.

According to a 2014 study by the German Development Institute, the middle class of Sub-Saharan Africa rose from 14 million

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