1.Previous
3.Next

is known exclusively through Roman sources, chiefly Caesar's Commentarii de Bello Gallico in books 1.31-1.54. Not a single non-Roman account survives to provide an independent perspective about Ariovistus. As such, modern historians approach his portrayal with caution. Modern scholarship has emphasized Caesar's rhetorical techniques in constructing Ariovistus as a threatening "barbarian" figure. Emma Allen-Hornblower argues that Caesar employs language of animality and savagery, presenting

1.Previous
3.Next