that have lost the ability to photosynthesize. They are usually green due to the presence of chlorophyll ''a'' and ''b''; they can also contain the pigment beta-carotene. Chloroplasts are diverse in morphology and include many forms, including, cup-shaped (e.g. Chlamydomonas), or axial, or parietal and reticulate (e.g. Oedogonium).

In many species,