are major examples of such adaptations.

Mandible

Mandibles in insects are pairs of hardened structures that are used to grind, crush and chew food. Mandibles have a broad molar region with ridged structures lined across to assist during chewing the food before it is swallowed. When paired with the maxillae (upper jaw structures), it is referred to as one of the gnathal appendages.

In carnivorous chewing insects, the mandibles commonly

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