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<a accesskey="1" href="page.php?w=Internationalized_Resource_Identifier&amp;p=3">1.Previous</a><br />
<a accesskey="3" href="page.php?w=Internationalized_Resource_Identifier&amp;p=5">3.Next</a>
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<p>and protocols that do not allow direct consumption of IRIs, the IRI should first be converted to Unicode using <a href="page.php?w=Unicode_equivalence">canonical composition normalization (NFC)</a>, if not already in Unicode format.</p>

<p>All non-ASCII code points in the IRI should next be encoded as <a href="page.php?w=UTF-8">UTF-8</a>, and the resulting bytes <a href="page.php?w=Percent-encoding">percent-encoded</a>, to produce a valid URI.</p>

<p>Example: The IRI https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/????? becomes the URI https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BF%AC%CF%8C%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82</p><p>
<a accesskey="1" href="page.php?w=Internationalized_Resource_Identifier&amp;p=3">1.Previous</a><br />
<a accesskey="3" href="page.php?w=Internationalized_Resource_Identifier&amp;p=5">3.Next</a>
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