land. The traditional residents mainly collect native fruits such as cupuaçu, tucumã, açaí and bacuri, collect Brazil nuts and extract rubber. Most of the people practice hunting and fishing to some extent, and some agriculture. The Jaci-Paraná Rubber Tappers Association represents the residents in managing the reserve.

The reserve has suffered from invasion by loggers and squatters, and large amounts of timber have been illegally harvested. According to Imazon,