on the east side, and the common way and road towards the town of Leith." Archaeological investigation on Leith Walk in relation to the Trams to Newhaven project uncovered evidence of a cobble-lined roadway thought to be between 900 and 600 years old.

According to Robert Chambers, Leith Walk, as we know it, owes its existence to a defensive rampart which was constructed between Calton Hill and Leith in 1650. Chambers says the attack on Edinburgh by Cromwell's