are spoken in Luocheng County (Edmondson 1992:137).

*Putonghua is the national language of China.
*Gui-Liu Hua is a local Pinghua variety spoken in Guilin and Liuzhou. It was spoken by government officials formerly sent to administer the region, and also used to be spoken in the provincial court.
*Tuguai Hua is the local Southwestern Mandarin