to Afghanistan before settling in Kayan Valley. Accounts attributed to Kayani's writings, including Tarikh-i Gharib and Tariq-e-Irfan, state that the family moved from areas including Kerman and Yazd toward Kandahar and later to northern Afghanistan. These accounts are based mainly on community histories and traditional narratives.

Early life

Kayani was born in 1897 in Kulab, then part of the Emirate of Bukhara. His father was Sayed Gawhar Khan, one of the earlier religious leaders

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