concerned that use of the veto power by one of the Council's permanent members might prevent that body from taking necessary action, and they insisted upon inserting into the Charter an explicit right of self defence.

Customary international law and Caroline test

The traditional customary rules on preemptive self-defence derive from an early diplomatic incident between the United States and the United Kingdom over the killing of a US citizen (a Black American watchmaker named Amos Durfee) who was on board a ship (the Caroline),

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