placenta previa, a small fetus, or a fetus with some abnormality. Further, if the amniotic fluid sac ruptures, the shoulder or arm may become wedged as a shoulder presentation.

Diagnosis

Inspection of the abdomen may already give a clue as it is wide from side to side. Usually performing the Leopold's maneuvers will demonstrate the transverse lie of the fetus. Ultrasound examination delivers the diagnosis

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