one or more laws, which was followed by the circumstances of a fictitious case in which the speaker argued one side or the other.

While suasoria required students to persuade a person (e.g., judge) or a group (e.g., jury) to act a certain way, controversia required a student to either prosecute or defend a person in a given legal case. The controversia is also distinguished from suasoria because of the complexity of its structural system of argument and the greater range of situations and characters employed. The distinction can also