The components of the data hierarchy are listed below.

A data field holds a single fact or attribute of an entity. Consider a date field, e.g. "19 September 2004". This can be treated as a single date field (e.g. birthdate), or three fields, namely, day of month, month and year.

A record is a collection of related fields. An Employee record may contain a name field(s), address fields, birthdate field and so on.

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