the deviation d of a data point x in a data set with respect to the mean m is given by the difference:

This calculation represents the "distance" of a data point from the mean and provides information about how much individual values vary from the average. Positive deviations indicate values above the mean, while negative deviations indicate values below the mean.

The sum of squared deviations is a key component in the calculation of variance, another measure of the spread or dispersion of a data

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