The second equation is established using the relationship
:,

which implies that . The equation is immediately able to be ruled out since it traverses the ellipse in the wrong direction. It can also be noted that the second equation can be viewed as coming from a similar triangle with its opposite side having the same length as the distance from to the major axis, and its hypotenuse equal to the semi-minor axis of the ellipse.

Formulas

Radius and eccentric anomaly

The eccentricity

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